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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-6-692-701</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-1021</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Визуализация гидратации ионов магния и рубидия в сульфокатионите с помощью квантово-химического расчета</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Visualization of magnesium and rubidium ion hydration in sulfocationite using quantum chemical calculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдатов Владимир Сергеевич – академик, д-р хим. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 13, 220072, Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Soldatov Vladimir S. - Academician, D. Sc. (Chemistry), Professor, Chief researcher</p><p>13, Surganov Str., 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">soldatov@ifoch.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безъязычная</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezyazychnaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безъязычная Татьяна Владимировна – канд. физ.-мат. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 13, 220072, Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bezyazychnaya Tatiana V. - Ph. D. (Physical and Mathematics), Senior researcher</p><p>13, Surganov Str., 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvant@ifoch.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косандрович</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosandrovich</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Косандрович Евгений Генрихович – д-р хим. наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 13, 220072, Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kosandrovich Evgenii G. – D. Sc. ( Chemistry), Associate professor, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>13, Surganov Str., 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosandrovich@ifoch.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физико-органической химии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>692</fpage><lpage>701</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Солдатов В.С., Безъязычная Т.В., Косандрович Е.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Солдатов В.С., Безъязычная Т.В., Косандрович Е.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soldatov V.S., Bezyazychnaya T.V., Kosandrovich E.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1021">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1021</self-uri><abstract><p>На основании данных ab initio расчета структуры кластеров (RSO3)2Mg(H2O)18 и (RSO3Rb)2(H2O)16, моделирующих структуру набухших сульфостирольных ионитов в соответствующих ионных формах и кластерах воды сравнимого размера, рассчитаны числа молекул воды, непосредственно связанных с катионами и их координационные числа, включающие атомы кислорода сульфогрупп, связанных с катионом. Показано, что первый молекулярный слой вокруг иона магния формируется из молекул воды, имеющих наибольшую энергию связи с кластером, а вокруг иона рубидия – из молекул ближайшего окружения с наименьшими энергиями связи. Это объясняется тем, что перенос молекул воды из ее объема в гидрат магния энергетически выгоден, а в гидрат рубидия – не выгоден. Поэтому ион магния строит свой гидрат преимущественно из молекул воды с наибольшей энергией связи, чтобы получить наибольший энергетический выигрыш, а ион рубидия – из молекул с наименьшей энергией, что обеспечивает наименьший энергетический проигрыш.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Based on the data of ab initio calculation of the structure of (RSO3)2Mg (H2O)18 and (RSO3Rb)2(H2O)16 clusters, which simulate the structure of swollen sulfostyrene ion exchangers in the corresponding ionic forms and a water cluster of comparable size, the numbers of water molecules directly bound to cations and their coordination numbers, including the oxygen atoms of the sulfonic groups linked to the cation, were calculated. It is shown that the first molecular layer around the magnesium ion is formed from water molecules with the highest binding energy with the cluster, and around the rubidium ion – from the molecules of the nearest environment with the lowest binding energies. This is explained by the fact that the transfer of water molecules from its volume to magnesium hydrate is energetically favorable, but not to rubidium hydrate. Therefore, the magnesium ion builds its hydrate mainly from water molecules with the highest binding energy in order to obtain the greatest energy gain, and the rubidium ion – from molecules with the lowest energy, which provides the smallest energy loss.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сульфостирольные иониты</kwd><kwd>гидратация</kwd><kwd>ионы магния и рубидия</kwd><kwd>квантово-химические расчеты структуры</kwd><kwd>координационные числа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sulfostyrene ion exchangers</kwd><kwd>hydration</kwd><kwd>magnesium and rubidium ions</kwd><kwd>quantum chemical calculations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Краткая химическая энциклопедия. – М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1961. – Т. 1А. – 631 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Short chemical encyclopedia. Vol. 1A.  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