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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2022-66-1-91-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-1042</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУКИ О ЗЕМЛЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EARTH SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности пространственного распространения онкологических заболеваний на территории Гомельской и Могилевской областей Беларуси</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spatial features of the risk of oncological diseases in the territory of the Gomel and Mogilev regions of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романов Сергей Львович – кандидат географических наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Сурганова, 6, 220012, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Romanov Sergey L. – Ph. D. (Geography), Senior Researcher.</p><p>6, Surganov Str., 220012, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SRomanov@GIS.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Червань</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chervan</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Червань Александр Николаевич – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, заведующий кафедрой.</p><p>Ул. Ленинградская, 16, 220006, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chervan Aliaksandr M. – Ph. D. (Agrarian), Head of the Department.</p><p>16, Leningradskaya Str., 220006, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ChervanAlex@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коробова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korobova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коробова Елена Михайловна – доктор геолого-минералогических наук, заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>Ул. Косыгина, 19, 119334, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Korobova Elena M. – D. Sc. (Geology and Mineralogy), Head of the Department.</p><p>19, Kosygin Str., 119334, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korobova@geokhi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Унитарное предприятие Геоинформационные системы, Национальная академия наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Geoinformation systems, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт геохимии и аналитической химии им В.И. Вернадского, Российская академия наук</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Романов С.Л., Червань А.Н., Коробова Е.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романов С.Л., Червань А.Н., Коробова Е.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanov S.L., Chervan A.N., Korobova E.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1042">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1042</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются результаты картографического анализа материалов белорусского канцер-регистра и исследуется картина наблюдаемой эпидемиологической обстановки применительно к онкологической заболеваемости (ОЗ) разных локализаций, свойственной разным половозрастных группам сельского населения. В ходе работ были впервые построены карты, характеризующие специфику пространственной неоднородности распространения ОЗ на территории Гомельской и Могилевской областей Беларуси. В результате были выявлены аномальные зоны, представляющие собой группы компактно расположенных населенных пунктов, для которых уровень ОЗ (в том числе и ОЗ разных локализаций, наблюдаемых как у мужчин, так и у женщин) различается в 4 и более раза. Наблюдаемые различия риска возникновения ОЗ были оценены как статистически значимые и на этом основании сделано заключение о том, что выявленные аномальные зоны, во всяком случае на территории Беларуси, отличаются не только высокой пространственной контрастностью, но и закономерной пространственной организацией, что подтверждает гипотезу о наличии связи риска возникновения ОЗ с параметрами внешней среды и, в свою очередь, позволяет сделать обоснованное заключение об эндемической природе рака как спровоцированного «человеческого» заболевания. Предлагается гипотеза, что обнаруженные зоны как положительной, так и отрицательной аномальности должны обладать существенными эколого-геохимическими различиями и делается заключение о необходимости признания их объектами первоочередного контроля, поскольку население, проживающее в зонах повышенного риска, несомненно нуждается в первоочередном обследовании и профилактике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of the cartographic analysis of the Belarusian Cancer Registry data, including the spatial features of morbidity due to cancer in different sex and age groups of the rural population. The maps, characterizing the features of the spatial heterogeneity of the oncological diseases (OD) in the Gomel and Mogilev regions of Belarus, were built for the first time. The performed mapping revealed the anomalous zones, representing the groups of compactly located rural settlements, for which the OD level (including OD of different localizations observed in both men and women) differs by a factor of 4 or more. The assessed differences in the OD risk are statistically significant. On this basis, we infer that the anomalous zones in the territory of Belarus, in any case, demonstrate both a high spatial contrast of OD manifestation and regular spatial organization. These confirm the hypothesis about a relationship between the OD risk and the environmental parameters and, in turn, allow a reasonable conclusion about the endemic nature of cancer as a provoked “human disease”. We consider that the detected zones of positive and negative anomalies must have significant ecological and geochemical differences. Therefore, they should be recognized as the objects of priority control since the population living in the high-risk areas undoubtedly needs priority screening and applying the corresponding preventive measures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>онкологические заболевания</kwd><kwd>риск</kwd><kwd>пространственная неоднородность</kwd><kwd>ГИС-технология</kwd><kwd>картографическая оценка</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cancer</kwd><kwd>risk</kwd><kwd>spatial heterogeneity</kwd><kwd>GIS technology</kwd><kwd>cartographic assessment</kwd><kwd>prophylaxy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Белорусского фонда фундаментальных исследований и Российского фонда фундаментальны исследований (проект Х20Р-386)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was sponsored by the Belarusian Republican Foundation of Fundamental Research and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 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