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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2022-66-3-365-376</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-1075</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУКИ О ЗЕМЛЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EARTH SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Механически стимулированные реакции в системах металл–оксид (карбид)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mechanically stimulated reactions in metal–oxide (carbide) systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жорник</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhornik</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Жорник Виктор Иванович – д-р техн. наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией </p><p> ул. Академическая, 12, 220072, Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Zhornik Viktor I. – D. Sc. (Engineering), Professor, Headof the Laboratory </p><p> 12, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhornikv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Т. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoreva</surname><given-names>T. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Григорьева Татьяна Федоровна – д-p хим. наук, вед.науч. сотрудник </p><p> ул. Кутателадзе, 18, 630128, Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Grigoreva Tatiana F. – D. Sc. (Chemistry), LeadingResearcher </p><p> 18, Kutateladze Str., 630128, Novosibirsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grig@solid.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaliova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Ковалева Светлана Анатольевна – канд. техн. наук,вед. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Академическая, 12, 220072, Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kovaliova Svetlana A. – Ph. D. (Engineering), LeadingResearcher</p><p>12, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetakov2021@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiseleva</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Киселева Татьяна Юрьевна – д-р физ.-мат. наук, ст.науч. сотрудник, доцент</p><p>ул. Ленинские Горы, 1, 119991, Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kiseleva Tatyana Yu. – D. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics),Senior Researcher</p><p> 1, Leninskie Gory Str., 119991, Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kiseleva.tyu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Девяткина</surname><given-names>Е. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Devyatkina</surname><given-names>E. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Девяткина Евгения Тимофеевна – науч. сотрудник</p><p> ул. Кутателадзе, 18, 630128, Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Devyatkina Evgeniya T. – Researcher</p><p>18, Kutateladze Str., 630128, Novosibirsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">devyatkina@solid.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Восмериков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vosmerikov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Восмериков Сергей Владимирович – науч. сотрудник</p><p> ул. Кутателадзе, 18, 630128, Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Vosmerikov Sergey V. – Researcher</p><p>18, Kutateladze Str., 630128, Novosibirsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vosmerikov@solid.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веремей</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veremey</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Веремей Илья Сергеевич – техник</p><p> ул. Академическая, 12, 220072, Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>  Veremey Ilya S. – Technician</p><p>12, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stetarum@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляхов</surname><given-names>Н. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyakhov</surname><given-names>N. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Ляхов Николай Захарович – академик, д-р хим. наук,гл. науч. сотрудник</p><p> ул. Кутателадзе, 18, 630128, Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Lyakhov Nikolay Z. – Academician, D. Sc. (Chemistry),Chief Researcher</p><p> 18, Kutateladze Str., 630128, Novosibirsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyakhov@solid.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Объединенный институт машиностроения Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт химии твердого тела и механохимии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>365</fpage><lpage>376</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жорник В.И., Григорьева Т.Ф., Ковалева С.А., Киселева Т.Ю., Девяткина Е.Т., Восмериков С.В., Веремей И.С., Ляхов Н.З., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жорник В.И., Григорьева Т.Ф., Ковалева С.А., Киселева Т.Ю., Девяткина Е.Т., Восмериков С.В., Веремей И.С., Ляхов Н.З.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhornik V.I., Grigoreva T.F., Kovaliova S.A., Kiseleva T.Y., Devyatkina E.T., Vosmerikov S.V., Veremey I.S., Lyakhov N.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1075">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1075</self-uri><abstract><p>Методами мессбауэровской и ИК-спектроскопии, рентгеноструктурного анализа, в том числе с использованием синхротронного излучения, и электронной микроскопии изучены процессы механохимического восстановления оксидов железа, никеля и меди алюминием при стехиометрическом соотношении компонентов и в смесях с двух-, трех- и четырехкратным превышением содержания алюминия над стехиометрическим, а также в присутствии избытка оксидобразующего металла и твердых растворов алюминия в железе и меди. Определены условия, при которых могут быть получены металлы (железо, никель, медь) и их моноалюминиды, модифицированные оксидом алюминия. При трехкратном избытке алюминия формируются алюминиды с большим содержанием алюминия. При четырехкратном увеличении содержания алюминия механохимическое восстановление оксидов не происходит. Предпочтительным способом модифицирования металлов оксидом алюминия является механохимическое восстановление оксидов твердым раствором алюминия в металле, образующем оксид. Методами рентгеновской дифракции и электронной микроскопии изучено механохимическое взаимодействие в высокоэнергетической системе Hf–C в присутствии 20, 30 и 50 мас. % меди. Показано, что с увеличением содержания меди в системе Hf–C–Cu уменьшается размер кристаллитов образующегося карбида гафния.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The processes of mechanochemical reduction of oxides of iron, nickel, and copper with aluminum with a stoichio metric ratio of components and in mixtures with a two-, three-, and four-fold excess of the aluminum content over the stoichiometric, as well as in the presence of an excess of oxide-forming metal and solid solutions of aluminum in iron and copper, were studied by the Mössbauer and IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, including the use of synchrotron radiation, and electron microscopy. The conditions for formation of metals modified with aluminum oxide (iron, nickel, copper) and their monoaluminides are determined. High aluminum content aluminides are formed at a three-fold excess of aluminum, and at a four-fold excess, a mechanochemical reduction of oxides does not occur. The preferred method for modifying metals with alumina is the mechanochemical reduction of oxides with a solid solution of aluminum in the oxideforming metal. Mechanochemical interaction in the high-energy Hf–C system in the presence of 20, 30, and 50 wt. % copper leads to the formation of hafnium carbide; and with an increase in the copper content, the crystallite size decreases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>механически стимулированные реакции</kwd><kwd>механохимическое восстановление</kwd><kwd>оксид железа</kwd><kwd>железо</kwd><kwd>твердый раствор алюминия в железе</kwd><kwd>оксид никеля</kwd><kwd>оксид меди</kwd><kwd>твердый раствор алюминия в меди</kwd><kwd>алюминий</kwd><kwd>механохимический синтез</kwd><kwd>гафний</kwd><kwd>углерод</kwd><kwd>медь</kwd><kwd>карбид гафния</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mechanically stimulated reactions</kwd><kwd>mechanochemical reduction</kwd><kwd>iron oxide</kwd><kwd>iron</kwd><kwd>solid solution of aluminum in iron</kwd><kwd>nickel oxide</kwd><kwd>copper oxide</kwd><kwd>solid solution of aluminum in copper</kwd><kwd>aluminum</kwd><kwd>mechanochemical synthesis</kwd><kwd>hafnium</kwd><kwd>carbon</kwd><kwd>copper</kwd><kwd>hafnium carbide</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ (проект № 20-53-00037) и БРФФИ (проект № Т20Р-037).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 20-53-00037) and Belarusian Foundation for Fundamental Research (grant T20P-037).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schaffer, G. 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