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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2023-67-6-465-472</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-1162</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аномальное набухание в воде карбоксильного ионита в формах ионов аммония и тетраэтиламмония</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Abnormal swelling in water of carboxylic ion exchanger in the forms of ammonium and tetraethylammonium ions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдатов Владимир Сергеевич – академик, д-р хим. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Сурганова, 13, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Soldatov Vladimir S. − Academician, D. Sc. (Chemistry), Professor, Chief Researcher.</p><p>13, Surganov Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">soldatov@ifoch.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косандрович</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosandrovich</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Косандрович Евгений Генрихович – д-р хим. наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>Ул. Сурганова, 13, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kosandrovich Evgenii G. – D. Sc. (Chemistry), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory.</p><p>13, Surganov Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosandrovich@ifoch.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безъязычная</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezyazychnaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безъязычная Татьяна Владимировна – канд. физ.-мат. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Сурганова, 13, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bezyazychnaya Tatiana V. − Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Senior Researcher.</p><p>13, Surganov Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvant@ifoch.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физико-органической химии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>465</fpage><lpage>472</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Солдатов В.С., Косандрович Е.Г., Безъязычная Т.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Солдатов В.С., Косандрович Е.Г., Безъязычная Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soldatov V.S., Kosandrovich E.G., Bezyazychnaya T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1162">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1162</self-uri><abstract><p>Волокнистый карбоксильный ионит, полученный пост-радиационной прививкой полиакриловой кислоты к полипропиленовому волокну, в аммониевой форме обладает аномально низким набуханием, соответствующим 10 моль воды на эквивалент, а в форме иона тетраэтиламмония (NEt4+) – аномально высоким, равным 25 моль воды/экв. Учитывая, что NH4+ является гидрофильной частицей, а NEt4+ – гидрофобной, этот факт кажется парадоксальным. Делается попытка объяснить это явление с использованием молекулярного моделирования (ab initio расчеты структуры гидратных комплексов в приближении Хартри–Фока и молекулярной орбитали как линейной комбинации атомных орбиталей (МО ЛКАО) с базисным набором 6-31G) в сочетании с моделью Преобладающих гидратов, позволившей рассчитать теоретические изотермы сорбции воды ионитом из паровой фазы и сопоставить их с экспериментальными данными. Аномально низкое набухание ионита в NH4+-форме вызвано образованием прочной связи карбоксилатного аниона с аммонием со значительной долей ковалентности за счет наложения кулоновского взаимодействия ионов и образования водородной связи между ними. Аномально высокое набухание NEt4+-форм вызвано отсутствием сильного взаимодействия между катионами и карбоксилатными группами из-за невозможности их сближения по стерическим причинам. Высокое набухание ионита вызвано отсутствием блокировки гидрофильных карбоксилатных групп ионита водородными связями с катионом. Матрица ионита не содержит кросс-агента и не создает пространственного ограничения для высокого набухания ионита.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A fibrous carboxylic ion exchanger, obtained by post-radiation grafting of polyacrylic acid to polypropylene fiber, in the ammonium form has an abnormally low swelling in water, corresponding to 10 moles of water per equivalent, and in the form of tetraethylammonium ion (NEt4+) – abnormally high 25 moles of water/eq. Considering that NH4+ is a hydrophilic particle and NEt4+ is hydrophobic, this fact seems paradoxical. The article attempts to explain this phenomenon using molecular modeling (ab initio calculations of the structure of hydrate complexes in the HF MO LCAO approximation with the 6-31G basis set) in combination with the Predominant Hydrates Model, which made it possible to calculate the theoretical water sorption isotherms of the ion exchanger and compare them with experimental data. The abnormally low swelling of the ion exchanger in the NH4+-form is caused by the formation of a strong bond between the carboxylate anion and ammonium with a significant degree of covalence due to the superposition of the Coulomb interaction of the ions and the formation of a hydrogen bond between them. The abnormally high swelling of NEt4+-forms is caused by the absence of a strong interaction between cations and carboxylate groups due to the impossibility of their convergence due to steric reasons. The high swelling of the ion exchanger is caused by the absence of blocking of the hydrophilic carboxylate groups of the ion exchanger by hydrogen bonds with the cation. The ion exchanger matrix does not contain a cross agent and does not create a spatial restriction for the high swelling of the ion exchanger.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>карбоксильные иониты</kwd><kwd>набухание</kwd><kwd>аммоний</kwd><kwd>тетраалкиламмония ионы</kwd><kwd>гидратация</kwd><kwd>молекулярное моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>carboxylic ion exchangers</kwd><kwd>swelling</kwd><kwd>ammonium</kwd><kwd>tetraalkylammonium ions</kwd><kwd>hydration</kwd><kwd>molecular modeling</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Solubilities and Dissolution States of a Series of Symmetrical Tetraalkylammonium Salts in Water / H. Nakayama [et al.] // Bull. 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