danДоклады Национальной академии наук БеларусиDoklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus1561-83232524-2431The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-4-325-334dan-1207Research ArticleБИОЛОГИЯBIOLOGYГенетическая вариабельность главного аллергена пыльцы березы Bet v 1 и характеристика В- и Т-клеточных эпитоповGenetic variability of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 and characterization of B- and T-cell epitopeshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-393XПархомчукО. Ю.ParkhomchukO. Yu.

Пархомчук Ольга Юрьевна – науч. сотрудник, аспирант

ул. Фи лимонова, 23, 220114, Минск

Parkhomchuk Olga Yu. – Researcher, Postgraduate Student

23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk

olgaparhom4uk@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3028-1176ФоминаЕ. Г.FominaE. G.

Фомина Елена Георгиевна – д-р биол. наук, заведующий лабораторией

ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114, Минск

Fomina Elena G. – D. Sc. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory

23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk

feg1@tut.byhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3919-0625ГригорьеваЕ. Е.GrigorievaE. E.

Григорьева Елена Евгеньевна – канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник, доцент

ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114, Минск

Grigorieva Elena E. – Ph. D. (Biology), Leading Researcher

23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk

grigus@mail.ruРНПЦ эпидемиологии и микробиологииRepublican Scientific and Practical Center of Epidemiology and MicrobiologyРНПЦ эпидемиологии и мик робиологииRepublican Scientific and Practical Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology202406092024684325334Copyright © Пархомчук О.Ю., Фомина Е.Г., Григорьева Е.Е., 20242024Пархомчук О.Ю., Фомина Е.Г., Григорьева Е.Е.Parkhomchuk O.Y., Fomina E.G., Grigorieva E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1207

Исследована пыльца березы повислой, собранная в период апрель–май 2020, 2021 гг. на территории шести областей Республики Беларусь, с целью определения разнообразия эндемичных генетических вариантов главного аллергена пыльцы березы Bet v 1. Получены рекомбинантные векторные конструкции, содержащие гены, кодирующие различные изоформы изучаемого аллергена. Определена нуклеотидная последовательность клонированных фрагментов. Проведен анализ результатов исследования спектра изоформ белка Bet v 1. Полученные последовательности в той или иной степени соответствуют 11 генетическим вариантам изучаемого аллергена. В пределах одного дерева определено 7 изоформ Bet v 1. Преобладающей изоформой аллергена пыльцы березы Bet v 1 на территории Республики Беларусь является Bet v 1.0101 (Bet v 1a, X15877.1). Установленные варианты проанализированы на предмет их потенциальной аллергенности путем скрининга аминокислот, которые по данным литературы идентифицированы как влияющие на связывание IgE. Анализ аминокислотных остатков, входящих в состав IgE-связывающих конформационных эпитопов, выявил аминокислотные замены, проявляющие разнонаправленную (высокую или низкую) IgE-связывающую активность в положениях 31, 58, 113, 114, 126. Исследована структура доминантных эпитопов, распознаваемых рецептором Т-клеток. Обнаружено, что С-концевой иммунодоминантный Т-клеточный эпитоп Bet v 1143–157 является высококонсервативным среди различных изоформ аллергена, в отличие от эпитопа Bet v 178–93, расположенного в центральной области. Выявленные замены аминокислот изучаемых участков могут влиять на активацию Т-клеток, кросс-реактивность и существенно повышать вариативность ожидаемой IgE-опосредованной реакции.

The hanging birch pollen collected in the period April – May 2020, 2021 in the territory of six regions of the Republic of Belarus was studied. Recombinant plasmid DNA was obtained. A nucleotide sequence of cloned fragments was determined. The results on the spectrum of isoforms of the Bet v 1 protein were analyzed. The obtained sequences corresponded to one degree or another to 11 genetic variants of the studied allergen. There were 7 isoforms of Bet v 1 defined within one tree. The predominant isoform of the birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 in the territory of the Republic of Belarus was Bet v 1.0101 (Bet v 1a, X15877.1). The identified variants were analyzed for their potential allergenicity by screening amino acids that according to the literature data were identified as affecting IgE-binding. The analysis of amino acid residues included in the IgE-binding conformational epitopes revealed amino acid substitutions exhibiting the multidirectional (high or low) IgE-binding activity in positions 31, 58, 113, 114, 126. The structure of dominant epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor was studied. It was found that the C-terminal immunodominant T-cell epitope Bet v 1143–157 is highly conserved among various isoforms of the allergen in contrast to the epitope Bet v 178–93 located in the central region. The revealed amino acid substitutions of the studied sites can affect the activation of T-cells, cross-reactivity and significantly increase the variability of the expected IgE-mediated reaction.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.