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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2025-69-4-303-313</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-1264</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гуморальный иммунный ответ и серологический профиль аутоантител у реципиентов сердечного трансплантата после вакцинации против коронавирусной инфекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humoral immune response and serological profile of autoantibodies in heart transplant recipients after vaccination against coronavirus infection.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-8300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зафранская</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zafranskaya</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зафранская Марина Михайловна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой; гл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Долгобродская, 23/1, 220070, Минск</p><p>пр. Дзержинского, 83, 220083, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zafranskaya Marina M. – D. Sc. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department; Chief Researcher</p><p>23/1, Dolgobrodskaya Str., 220070, Minsk</p><p>83, Dzerzhynsky Ave., 220083, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1633-7487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нижегородова</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizheharodava</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижегородова Дарья Борисовна – канд. биол. наук, доцент, вед. науч. сотрудник; доцент.</p><p>пр. Дзержинского, 83, 220083, Минск</p><p>ул. Долгобродская, 23/1, 220070, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizheharodava Darya B. – Ph. D. (Biology), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher; Associate Professor</p><p>83, Dzerzhynsky Ave., 220083, Minsk</p><p>23/1, Dolgobrodskaya Str., 220070, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8620-9445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаренко</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazaranka</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаренко Елизавета Максимовна – мл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>пр. Дзержинского, 83, 220083, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nazaranka Elizaveta M. – Junior Researcher</p><p>83, Dzerzhynsky Ave., 220083, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатова</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatova</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шатова Олеся Геннадьевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент, ст. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Розы Люксембург, 110б, 220036, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shatova Olesya G. – Ph. D. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Senior Researcher</p><p>110b, Roza Lyuksemburg Str., 220036, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русских</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Russkih</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русских Ирина Ивановна – врач</p><p>ул. Розы Люксембург, 110б, 220036, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Russkih Irina I. – Doctor</p><p>110b, Roza Lyuksemburg Str., 220036, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванчик</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanchyk</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванчик Галина Ивановна – ст. науч. сотрудник</p><p>пр. Дзержинского, 83, 220083, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivanchyk Galina I. – Senior Researcher</p><p>83, Dzerzhynsky Ave., 220083, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3742-5996</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Величко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vialichka</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Величко Алеся Валерьевна – преподаватель; мл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Долгобродская, 23/1, 220070, Минск</p><p>пр. Дзержинского, 83, 220083, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vialichka Alesya V. – Lecturer; Junior Researcher</p><p>23/1, Dolgobrodskaya Str., 220070, Minsk</p><p>83, Dzerzhynsky Ave., 220083, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6357-2143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колядко</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyadko</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колядко Марина Георгиевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Розы Люксембург, 110б, 220036, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kolyadko Maryna G. – Ph. D. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>110b, Roza Lyuksemburg Str., 220036, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курлянская</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurlyanskaya</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курлянская Елена Константиновна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель директора</p><p>ул. Розы Люксембург, 110б, 220036, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurlyanskaya Elena K. – D. Sc. (Medicine), Professor, Deputy Director</p><p>110b, Roza Lyuksemburg Str., 220036, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГЭИ им. А. Д. Сахарова БГУ; НИИ экспериментальной и клинической медицины БГМУ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International Sakharov Environmental Institute of the Belarusian State University; Scientific Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine of the Belarusian State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ экспериментальной и клинической медицины БГМУ; МГЭИ им. А. Д. Сахарова БГУ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine of the Belarusian State Medical University; International Sakharov Environmental Institute of the Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ экспериментальной и клинической медицины БГМУ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine of the Belarusian State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РНПЦ «Кардиология»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research and Practical Center “Cardiology”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>303</fpage><lpage>313</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зафранская М.М., Нижегородова Д.Б., Назаренко Е.М., Шатова О.Г., Русских И.И., Иванчик Г.И., Величко А.В., Колядко М.Г., Курлянская Е.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зафранская М.М., Нижегородова Д.Б., Назаренко Е.М., Шатова О.Г., Русских И.И., Иванчик Г.И., Величко А.В., Колядко М.Г., Курлянская Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zafranskaya M.M., Nizheharodava D.B., Nazaranka E.M., Shatova O.G., Russkih I.I., Ivanchyk G.I., Vialichka A.V., Kolyadko M.G., Kurlyanskaya E.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1264">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1264</self-uri><abstract><p>Реципиенты сердечного трансплантата подвергаются повышенному риску неблагоприятного исхода при инфекции COVID-19 вследствие необходимой иммуносупрессии и наличия сопутствующих заболеваний. Эффективность и безопасность профилактики коронавирусной инфекции у пациентов с трансплантированным сердцем с применением вакцин от COVID-19, включая развитие нежелательных воспалительных и аутоиммунных реакций, изучена недостаточно. В данном исследовании приведена характеристика гуморального иммунитета и результаты анализа продукции аутоантител у реципиентов сердечного трансплантата после вакцинации против коронавирусной инфекции. Основную группу составили пациенты (n = 40), которым проведена ортотопическая трансплантация сердца в период с 2009 по 2021 г. на базе РНПЦ «Кардиология» и прошедшие двукратную вакцинацию вакциной Vero Cell (КНР) или 3-этапную вакцинацию с бустерным введением Гам-КОВИД-Вак (Спутник V, РФ). Показано, что у 63 % вакцинированных лиц, не имевших в анамнезе перенесенную ранее COVID-19 инфекцию, и у 85 % пациентов, имевших в анамнезе COVID-19 инфекцию, формируется гуморальный поствакцинальный иммунитет. Гуморальный ответ у пациентов, у которых отмечалась сероконверсия до вакцинации, сопровождается поддержанием высокого уровня вирус-специфических IgG-антител к S-белку вируса SARS-CoV-2 в динамике поствакцинального периода со статистически значимым увеличением данного показателя к 9–12 месяцам после проведения бустерной вакцинации. Вакцинация против коронавирусной инфекции не приводит к увеличению аутоантител (RF IgG и IgA, анти-ССР, к кардиолипину IgG, к β2-гликопротеину IgG, ANA, ANCA-Pro, анти-SLA/LP, анти-GD-IgA) в сыворотке крови реципиентов сердечного трансплантата. При этом у вакцинированных реципиентов сердечного трансплантата, имевших в анамнезе коронавирусную инфекцию, отмечалось увеличение уровня антител к IFN-α на период 9–12 месяцев после основной вакцинации, что в ассоциации с аллелями HLA необходимо учитывать для выявления потенциальных пациентов, подверженных риску развития тяжелой формы заболевания. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Due to the mandatory immunosuppression and concomitant diseases, heart transplant recipients are at an increased risk of an adverse outcome from COVID-19 infection. The efficacy and safety of using vaccines to prevent COVID-19 infection in patients with heart transplants, including the development of undesirable inflammatory and autoimmune reactions, has not been sufficiently studied. This paper presents the characteristics of humoral immunity and the analysis of autoantibody production in heart transplant recipients after vaccination against a coronavirus infection. The main group consisted of patients (n = 40) who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation in the period from 2009 to 2021 at the National Research and Practical Center “Cardiology” and received two doses of the Vero Cell vaccine (China) or got a three-step booster Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V, Russian Federation). It has been shown that 63 % of vaccinated individuals with no previous COVID-19 history and 85 % of patients with a history of COVID-19 infection developed humoral post-vaccination immunity. The humoral response in patients who had seroconversion prior to vaccination exhibited elevated levels of virusspecific IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus S protein during the post-vaccination period, with a statistically significant increase observed by 9–12 months after booster vaccination. Vaccination against the coronavirus infection does not result in an increase of serum autoantibodies (RF IgG and IgA, anti-SSR, cardiolipin IgG, β2-glycoprotein IgG, ANA, ANCA-Pro, anti-SLA/LP, anti-GD-IgA) in heart transplant recipients. At the same time, vaccinated heart transplant recipients with a history of coronavirus infection showed an increase in the level of antibodies to IFN-α for a period of 9–12 months after the main vaccination. This evidence, when associated with HLA alleles, must be taken into account for identifying patients who may be at risk of developing severe diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутоантитела</kwd><kwd>реципиенты сердечного трансплантата</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>гуморальный иммунный ответ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autoantibodies</kwd><kwd>heart transplant recipients</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>humoral immune response</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meta-analysis of immunologic response after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients / K. Tang, X. Wu, Y. 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