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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2025-69-5-404-415</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-1275</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модифицированная лентивирусная векторная система для эффективного введения и долговременной экспрессии генов в дендритных клетках человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modified lentiviral vector system for efficient delivery and long-term gene expression in human dendritic cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3464-5200</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пилютина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Piliutina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пилютина Ольга Юрьевна – науч. сотрудник. РНПЦ трансфузиологии и медицинских биотехнологий.</p><p>Долгиновский тракт, 160, 220053, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Piliutina Olga Yu. – Researcher. Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Transfusiology and Medical Biotechnology.</p><p>160, Dolginovsky tract, 220053, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">piliutinao@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3794-6429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Войтехович</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voytehovich</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Войтехович Александр Сергеевич – науч. сотрудник. РНПЦ трансфузиологии и медицинских биотехнологий.</p><p>Долгиновский тракт, 160, 220053, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Voytehovich Alexander S. – Researcher. Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Transfusiology and Medical Biotechnology.</p><p>160, Dolginovsky tract, 220053, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voytehovichas@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3028-1176</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомина</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomina</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фомина Елена Георгиевна – д-р биол. наук, заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>Ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fomina Elena G. – D. Sc. (Biology), Head of the Laboratory.</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">feg1@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3919-0625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьева Елена Евгеньевна – канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник, доцент.</p><p>Ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigorieva Elena E. – Ph. D. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Associate Professor.</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1921-5978</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомин</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomin</surname><given-names>I. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фомин Игорь Климентьевич – канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник.</p><p>Долгиновский тракт, 160, 220053, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fomin Igor K. – Ph. D. (Biology), Leading Researcher.</p><p>160, Dolginovsky tract, 220053, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rrlmb27@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр трансфузиологии и медицинских биотехнологий</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Transfusiology and Medical Biotechnology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский центр гигиены, эпидемиологии и общественного здоровья</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Center for Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>404</fpage><lpage>415</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пилютина О.Ю., Войтехович А.С., Фомина Е.Г., Григорьева Е.Е., Фомин И.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пилютина О.Ю., Войтехович А.С., Фомина Е.Г., Григорьева Е.Е., Фомин И.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Piliutina O.Y., Voytehovich A.S., Fomina E.G., Grigorieva E.E., Fomin I.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1275">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1275</self-uri><abstract><p>Дендритные клетки (ДК) содержат высокую концентрацию антивирусного фактора SAMHD1, который ингибирует размножение лентивирусов. Некоторые представители лентивирусов обезьян, такие как SIVmac, кодируют вспомогательный белок Vpx, который является антогонистом SAMHD1 и блокирует его действие в инфицируемых клетках для повышения эффективности размножения. Однако лентивирус человека HIV-1, на основе которого получены подавляющее большинство векторных систем для введения и экспрессии генов, не кодирует Vpx и инфицирует ДК с низкой эффективностью. Исходя из этого, было сделано предположение, что упаковка Vpx белка SIVmac в вирионы лентивирусных векторов на основе HIV-1 может увеличивать их инфекционность на ДК. Для придания лентивирусной векторной системе на основе HIV-1 способности упаковывать в вирионы белок Vpx SIVmac239 в векторную систему были введены ряд изменений. На основе анализа структурной и функциональной гомологии белков p6 HIV-1 и SIVmac239 были определены аминокислотные последовательности, замена которых в составе p6 HIV-1 позволяла бы специфически упаковывать экзогенный белок Vpx SIVmac239 и оказывала минимальное влияние на структуру белка. Для экспрессии белка Vpx SIVmac239 в клетках человека была получена кодон-оптимизированная последовательность гена Vpx. Результаты показали, что упаковка Vpx белка в вирионы модифицированных лентивирусов является критичной для их инфекционности на ДК, так как вирус «дикого типа», полученный даже в присутствии Vpx белка, был не способен продуктивно инфицировать ДК, поскольку не содержит белковых детерминант для упаковки Vpx. Эффективность введения маркерного гена в ДК при помощи модифицированной векторной системы для различных доноров составила 90–97 %. Отличительной особенностью векторной системы является ее способность упаковывать Vpx белок SIVmac непосредственно в вирионы HIV-1, что дает возможность напрямую вводить вирусные векторы на основе HIV-1 в ДК, без предварительной их обработки обезьяньим вирусом SIVmac. Таким образом, модифицированная векторная система может быть использована для эффективного введения и долговременной экспрессии генов в ДК человека.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Dendritic cells (DC) contain a high concentration of the antiviral factor SAMHD1, which inhibits the replication of lentiviruses. Some representatives of monkey lentiviruses, such as SIVmac, encode the accessory protein Vpx, which is an antagonist of SAMHD1 and blocks its action in infected cells to increase the efficiency of replication. However, the human lentivirus HIV-1, which is the basis for the vast majority of vector systems for the introduction and expression of genes, does not encode Vpx and infects DC with low efficiency. Based on this, it has been suggested that packaging of the SIVmac Vpx protein into HIV-1 lentiviral vector virions may increase their infectivity on DC. To enable the HIV-1-based lentiviral vector system to package the Vpx protein of SIVmac239 into virions, a number of modifications were introduced into the vector system. Based on the analysis of the structural and functional homology of the proteins p6 HIV-1 and SIVmac239, amino acid sequences were identified, the replacement of which in the composition of p6 HIV-1 would allow specific packaging of the exogenous Vpx protein SIVmac239, and have a minimal effect on the structure of the protein. To express the SIVmac239 Vpx protein in human cells, a codon-optimized sequence of the Vpx gene was obtained. The results showed that packaging of the Vpx protein into the virions of modified lentiviruses is critical for their infectivity on DC, since the “wild-type” virus, even obtained in the presence of the Vpx protein, was unable to productively infect DC because it does not contain the protein determinants for packaging Vpx. The efficiency of introducing a marker gene into DC using the modified vector system for different donors was 90–97 %. A distinctive feature of the vector system is its ability to package the SIVmac Vpx protein directly into HIV-1 virions, which makes it possible to directly introduce HIV-1-based viral vectors into DC without pre-treatment with the simian SIVmac virus. Thus, the modified vector system can be used for efficient transfer and long-term gene expression in human DC.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лентивирусы</kwd><kwd>лентивирусные векторы</kwd><kwd>Vpx</kwd><kwd>дендритные клетки</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lentiviruses</kwd><kwd>lentiviral vectors</kwd><kwd>Vpx</kwd><kwd>dendritic cells</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства здравоохранения Республики Беларусь (ГПНИ «Фундаментальные и прикладные науки – медицине», 2016–2020, подпрограмма 2 «Диагностика и терапия заболеваний», задание 2.146 (Рег. № 20200252, 2020 год) и ГПНИ «Биотехнология-2», 2021–2025, подпрограмма «Молекулярные и клеточные биотехнологии-2», задание 1.14 (Рег. № 20220282, 2022–2024 гг.))</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus (SPSR “Fundamental and Applied Sciences – Medicine”, 2016–2020, subprogram 2 “Diagnostics and Therapy of Diseases”, task 2.146 (Reg. No. 20200252, 2020), and SPSR “Biotechnology-2”, 2021–2025, subprogram “Molecular and Cellular Biotechnology-2”, task 1.14 (Reg. No. 20220282, 2022-2024))</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steinman, R. M. Decisions about dendritic cells: past, present, and future / R. M. Steinman // Annual Review of Immunology. – 2012. – Vol. 30. – P. 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-100311-102839</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steinman R. M. Decisions about dendritic cells: past, present, and future. Annual Review of Immunology, 2012, vol. 30, pp. 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-100311-102839</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steinman, R. M. Taking dendritic cells into medicine / R. M. Steinman, J. 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