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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2026-70-3-201-207</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-1310</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Градиентная сила, действующая со стороны гауссова светового пучка на диэлектрическую прозрачную микросферу: приближение Рэлея–Ганса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gradient force acting from a Gaussian light beam on a dielectric transparent microsphere: Rayleigh–Gans approximation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михневич</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhnevich</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михневич Светлана Юрьевна – канд. физ.-мат. наук, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>ул. Скорины, 8, 220017, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhnevich Svetlana Yu. – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Head of the Department</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.mikhnevich@bsac.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусская государственная академия связи</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Academy of Telecommunications</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>201</fpage><lpage>207</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михневич С.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михневич С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhnevich S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1310">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1310</self-uri><abstract><p>В приближении Рэлея–Ганса получено выражение для градиентной силы, действующей в гауссовом пучке оптического излучения на прозрачную диэлектрическую микросферу. Приближение Рэлея–Ганса накладывает ограничение на фазовый сдвиг волны при прохождении микросферы. Вывод выражения проведен в предположении незатухающего пучка. Учтена неоднородность действующего излучения в пределах микросферы. Полученное выражение для градиентной силы в приближении Рэлея–Ганса при уменьшении отношения размера микросферы к диаметру гауссова пучка сводится к известным выражениям для градиентной силы в приближении Рэлея. Градиентная сила радиально симметрична и не зависит от направления поляризации световой волны в сечении пучка. Показано, что для частиц, удовлетворяющих приближению Рэлея–Ганса, градиентная сила, действующая в поперечном направлении пучка, меньше градиентной силы, рассчитанной в приближении Рэлея. С увеличением размера частиц это различие возрастает. Проведен расчет поправочного коэффициента для теории Рэлея–Ганса в зависимости от удвоенного квадрата отношения радиуса микросферы к радиусу светового пучка. Установлено, что уже при радиусе микросферы, составляющем 3,5 длины волны, градиентная сила в приближении Рэлея–Ганса в два раза меньше, чем в приближении Рэлея. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An expression for the gradient force acting in a Gaussian beam of optical radiation on a transparent dielectric microsphere is derived within the Rayleigh–Gans approximation, which imposes a constraint on the phase shift of the wave as it passes through the microsphere. The approximation of an undamped beam is assumed. The inhomogeneity of the incident radiation within the microsphere is taken into account. The resulting expression for the gradient force in the Rayleigh–Gans approximation reduces to the known expressions for the gradient force in the Rayleigh approximation. The expression for the gradient force is radially symmetric, regardless of the direction of light wave polarization in the beam cross section. It is shown that for particles satisfying the Rayleigh–Gans approximation, the gradient force acting in the transverse direction of the beam is smaller than the gradient force calculated in the Rayleigh approximation. This difference increases with increasing particle size.</p><p>A correction factor for the Rayleigh–Gans theory is computed as a function of twice the square of the ratio of the microsphere radius to the light beam radius. It is shown that even for a microsphere radius of 3.5 wavelengths, the gradient force in the Rayleigh–Gans approximation is half that in the Rayleigh approximation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>градиентная сила</kwd><kwd>приближения Рэлея–Ганса</kwd><kwd>оптический гауссов пучок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gradient force</kwd><kwd>Rayleigh–Gans approximations</kwd><kwd>optical Gaussian beam</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аскарьян, Г. А. Воздействие градиента поля интенсивного электромагнитного луча на электроны и атомы / Г. А. Аскарьян // Журнал экспериментальной и теоретической физики. – 1962. – Т. 42, № 6. – С. 1567–1570.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Askaryan G. A. The effects of the gradient of an intense electromagnetic beam field on electrons and atoms. 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