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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2026-70-4-286-295</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-1320</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>SpikeYOLO-Boost: импульсная нейронная сеть для обнаружения объектов на изображениях дистанционного зондирования земли на основе механизма внимания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SpikeYOLO-Boost: a spiking neural network for remote sensing object detection based on an attention mechanism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6976-5386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Wu</surname><given-names>Xianyi</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wu</surname><given-names>Xianyi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Xianyi Wu – аспирант </p><p>пр-т Независимости, 4, 220030, Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Xianyi Wu – Postgraduate Student </p><p>4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tigerv5872@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2355-047X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Guoyan</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Guoyan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Guoyan Wang – кандидат наук, преподаватель </p><p>137, Yanwachi Str., Changsha, Hunan, 410073 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guoyan Wang – Ph. D., Lecturer </p><p>137, Yanwachi Str., Changsha, Hunan, 410073 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wangguoyan@nudt.edu.cn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-1206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абламейко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ablameyko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абламейко Сергей В. – академик, д-р физ.-мат. наук, профессор </p><p>пр-т Независимости, 4, 220030, Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ablameyko Sergey V. – Academician, D. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Professor</p><p>4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ablameyko@bsu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4320-5214</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>BingYan</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>BingYan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>BingYan Liu – кандидат наук </p><p>201, Daehak-ro, Chubumyeon, Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, 32713 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>BingYan Liu – Ph. D.  </p><p>201, Daehak-ro, Chubumyeon, Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, 32713, Republic of Korea </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1iuby1349@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальная ключевая лаборатория по ATR, Национальный университет оборонных технологий</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Key Laboratory on ATR, National University of Defense Technology</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Чжунбу</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Joongbu University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>286</fpage><lpage>295</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Wu X., Wang G., Абламейко С.В., Liu B., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Wu X., Wang G., Абламейко С.В., Liu B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Wu X., Wang G., Ablameyko S.V., Liu B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1320">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1320</self-uri><abstract><p>Традиционные сверточные нейронные сети отличаются чрезмерным энергопотреблением, что ограничивает их развертывание на периферийных устройствах для обнаружения объектов на изображениях дистанционного зондирования Земли. Нейроморфные импульсные нейронные сети (ИНС) обладают биологической правдоподобностью и низким энергопотреблением, вместе с тем их производительность в задачах обнаружения объектов все еще уступает основным моделям, особенно в сложных сценах дистанционного зондирования, характеризующихся большим разнообразием масштабов, зашумленным фоном и плотно расположенными мелкими объектами. Предлагаются подходы повышения эффективности ИНС для обнаружения объектов на изображениях дистанционного зондирования, а также новая модель SpikeYOLO-Boost. Во-первых, разработан гибридный импульсный модуль SpikeBoT3, формирующий двухпутевой механизм глобального моделирования в импульсной области. Во-вторых, предложен импульсный механизм канального внимания SpikeSEAttention, использующий временное усреднение для усиления канальных признаков в импульсной области, что повышает качество слияния признаков и робастность модели.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Traditional convolutional neural networks suffer from excessive energy consumption, which restricts their edge deployment for object detection in remote sensing images. Brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer biological plausibility and low-power advantages. At present, the performance of SNNs on object detection tasks still trails behind mainstream models, particularly in complex remote sensing scenes characterized by large-scale variations, cluttered backgrounds, and dense small objects. In this paper, we aim to improve the performance of SNNs for object detection in remote sensing images. We propose the SpikeYOLO-Boost framework. First, we design the SpikeBoT3 spiking hybrid backbone module, which establishes a dual-path global modeling mechanism in the spike domain. Then, we design the SpikeSEAttention spiking channel attention mechanism, which leverages temporal average pooling to achieve channel-wise enhancement in the spike domain, thereby improving feature fusion and robustness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>импульсные нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>обнаружение объектов на снимках ДЗЗ</kwd><kwd>механизм внимания</kwd><kwd>слияние признаков</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spiking neural networks</kwd><kwd>remote sensing image object detection</kwd><kwd>attention mechanism</kwd><kwd>feature fusion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Z., Fang Q., Han D. Research progress of on-orbit intelligent processing technology for imaging satellites. 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