danДоклады Национальной академии наук БеларусиDoklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus1561-83232524-2431The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1561-8323-2026-70-5-390-398dan-1332Research ArticleБИОЛОГИЯBIOLOGYМетагеномный анализ микробного сообщества засоленных почвMetagenomic analysis of the microbial community of saline soilsНаумовичН. И.NaumovichN. I.

Наумович Надежда Ивановна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник

ул. Купревича, 2, 220084, Минск 

Naumovich Nadezhda I. – Ph. D. (Biology), Senior Researcher

2, Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk 

naumovichnadezda@yandex.ruАлещенковаЗ. М.AleschenkovaZ. M.

Алещенкова Зинаида Михайловна – д-р биол. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотрудник

ул. Купревича, 2, 220084, Минск 

Aleschenkova Zinaida M. – D. Sc. (Biology), Professor, Chief Researcher

2, Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk 

aleschenkova@mbio.das-net.byАдроновЕ. Е.AndronovE. E.

Андронов Евгений Евгеньевич – д-р биол. наук, гл. науч. сотрудник

шоссе Подбельского, 3, 196608, Пушкин-8, Санкт-Петербург 

Andronov Evgeny E. – D. Sc. (Biology), Chief Researcher

3, Podbelskogo Highway, 196608, Pushkin-8, Saint Petersburg 

eeandr@gmail.comИнститут микробиологии Национальной академии наук БеларусиБеларусьInstitute of Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarusВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной микробиологииРоссияAll-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural MicrobiologyRussian Federation202613112026705390398Copyright © Наумович Н.И., Алещенкова З.М., Адронов Е.Е., 20262026Наумович Н.И., Алещенкова З.М., Адронов Е.Е.Naumovich N.I., Aleschenkova Z.M., Andronov E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1332

На основе метагеномного анализа изучена структура прокариотных сообществ почв, подверженных длительному техногенному засолению в зоне влияния выбросов ОАО «Беларуськалий». Показано, что основу почвенного микробиома формируют бактерии (филумы домена Bacteria), тогда как представители домена Archaea (филумы Thermoproteota и Methanobacteriota) составляют его меньшую часть. Установлено, что в локациях складирования глинисто-солевого шлама доминируют бактерии классов Actinomycetes, Bacteroidia, Alphaproteobacteria и Gammaproteobacteria. Непосредственно у основания терриконов и в ближней зоне их влияния обнаружены фотосинтезирующие прокариоты класса Cyanobacteriia, а во всех исследованных образцах зафиксировано равномерное присутствие бактерий класса Bacilli. Полученные результаты расширяют представления о функциональном разнообразии микробных сообществ почв в условиях антропогенного стресса и могут служить основой для разработки биотехнологий рекультивации засоленных земель.

Metagenomic analysis was used to study the structure of prokaryotic communities in soils subjected to long-term technogenic salinization within the impact zone of emissions from JSC Belaruskali. The results demonstrate that bacteria (phyla of the domain Bacteria) constitute the core of the soil microbiome, whereas representatives of the domain Archaea (phyla Thermoproteota and Methanobacteriota) make up a smaller fraction. It was found that bacteria belonging to the classes Actinomycetes, Bacteroidia, Alphaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria dominate at sites where clay-salt sludge is stockpiled. Photosynthetic prokaryotes of the class Cyanobacteriia were detected directly at the base of the spoil heaps and in the immediate vicinity, while bacteria of the class Bacilli were uniformly present in all samples analyzed. These findings expand our understanding of the functional diversity of soil microbial communities under anthropogenic stress and may serve as a basis for developing biotechnologies for the remediation of saline lands.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.