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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-455</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДЕТЕКТОРЫ ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНЫХ ОСОБЫХ ТОЧЕК НА ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЯХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DETECTORS OF EXTREMAL KEY POINTS ON IMAGES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Залесский</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zalesky</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р физ.-мат. наук, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 6, 220012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Head of the Laboratory</p><p>6, Surganov Str., 220012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalesky@newman.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Объединенный институт проблем информатики Национальной академии наук Беларуси, Минск</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>United Institute of Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Залесский Б.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Залесский Б.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zalesky B.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/455">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/455</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены детекторы особых (ключевых, характерных) точек-экстремумов, предназначенных для описания, анализа и сравнения изображений с помощью локальных дескрипторов, которые вычисляются в окрестностях найденных точек. Отличие предлагаемых детекторов от известных состоит в том, что они находят особые точки путем поиска локальных экстремумов функции, задающей ту или иную локальную характеристику исходного изображения в каждой его точке. Большинство известных в настоящее время детекторов решают задачу поиска особых точек иным способом. Каждый такой детектор использует построенную для него функцию-характеристику изображения, значение которой в каждом пикселе сравнивается с наперед заданным числовым порогом. Если значение выбранной функции-характеристики больше заданного порогового значения, точка считается особой, в противном случае – обычной. Пороговое значение, как правило, устанавливается с помощью обучения детектора на широком классе обучающих изображений. Некоторые известные детекторы выделяют особые точки путем поиска локальных экстремумов, однако не на исходном изображении, а на его градиентных преобразованиях. Одним из недостатков использования известных детекторов (помимо использования дорогостоящего в вычислительном смысле процесса обучения) является неравномерное распределение особых точек на изображении. Нередко на изображениях возникают большие области, на которых вообще нет особых точек, что приводит к невозможности обнаружения или распознавания этих областей. Предлагаемый класс детекторов позволяет во многих случаях избежать появления областей без особых точек. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Extremal key-point detectors are presented to describe, analyze and compare images by local descriptors that are determined in neighborhoods of the detected key-points. The proposed detectors select key-points, providing local extremal values of the function that characterizes local properties of the original image at each pixel. The majority of commonly used detecting algorithms are looking for key-points in another way. They mark a pixel as a key-point if the value of the functioncriterion at this pixel exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The remaining known algorithms find key-points that are the local extremal values of the functions defined on gradient transforms of the image. One of the drawbacks of the known detectors (in addition to the use of learning procedures expensive in the computational sense) is a non-uniform distribution of key-points on the image. Often large image areas may be left with no key-points, making their detection or recognition impossible. The proposed extremal detectors allow one in many cases to avoid the appearance of image areas not filled with key-points. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>изображение</kwd><kwd>ключевые точки</kwd><kwd>детекторы особых точек</kwd><kwd>обнаружение и распознавание объектов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>images</kwd><kwd>key-points</kwd><kwd>key-point detectors</kwd><kwd>object detection and recognition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lowe, D. Object recognition from local scale invariant features / D. Lowe // Proc. Int. Conf. on Computer Vision ICCV. – Corfu, 1999. – P. 1150–1157. doi.org/10.1109/iccv.1999.790410</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lowe D. Object recognition from local scale invariant features. 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