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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2019-63-1-79-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-588</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм микросателлитных локусов у белого (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) и пестрого (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Rich.) толстолобиков, выращиваемых в аквакультуре в Республике Беларусь</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polymorphism of microsatellite loci in silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) and bighead (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Rich.) carps grown in aquaculture in the Republic of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nosova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Носова Александра Юрьевна - научный сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nosova Aliaksandra Yurevna - Researcher.</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.nosova@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кипень</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kipen</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кипень Вячеслав Николаевич - кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Академическая, 27, 220072</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kipen Viachaslau Nikolaevich - Ph. D. (Biology), Researcher.</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.kipen@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Царь</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsar</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Царь Анастасия Ивановна - младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tsar Nastassia Ivanovna - Junior researcher.</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.tsar@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пантелей</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pantelej</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пантелей Сергей Николаевич – кандидат сельско-хозяйственных наук, заведующий лабораторией.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pantelej Sergej Nikolaevich - Ph. D. (Agrarian), Head of the Laboratory.</p><p>22, Stebenev Str., 220024, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pantsialei@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савченко Ирина Андреевна - младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Стебенева, 22, 220024, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Savchenko Irina Andreevna - Junior researcher.</p><p>22, Stebenev Str., 220024, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina.ryba1501@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сенникова</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sennikova</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сенникова Виолетта Дмитриевна - старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>Ул. Стебенева, 22, 220024, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sennikova Violetta Dmitrievna - Senior researcher.</p><p>22, Stebenev Str., 220024, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">violetta5757@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеец</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageyets</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агеец Владимир Юльянович - доктор сельско-хозяйственных наук, профессор, директор.</p><p>Ул. Стебенева, 22, 220024, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ageyets Vladimir Yulyanovich - D. Sc. (Agrarian), Professor, Director. Fish Industry Institute</p><p>22, Stebenev Str., 220024, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belniirh@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лемеш</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lemesh</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лемеш Валентина Александровна - кандидат биологических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>Ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lemesh Valentina Alexandrovna - Ph. D. (Biology), Assistant professor, Head of the Laboratory.</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.le-mesh@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт генетики и цитологии, Национальная академия наук Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Genetics and Cytology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт рыбного хозяйства</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Fish Industry Institute</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Носова А.Ю., Кипень В.Н., Царь А.И., Пантелей С.Н., Савченко И.А., Сенникова В.Д., Агеец В.Ю., Лемеш В.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Носова А.Ю., Кипень В.Н., Царь А.И., Пантелей С.Н., Савченко И.А., Сенникова В.Д., Агеец В.Ю., Лемеш В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nosova A.Y., Kipen V.N., Tsar N.I., Pantelej S.N., Savchenko I.A., Sennikova V.D., Ageyets V.Y., Lemesh V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/588">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/588</self-uri><abstract><p>Дана оценка генетического разнообразия белого (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) и пестрого (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Rich.) толстолобиков, выращиваемых в аквакультуре на территории Республики Беларусь, по данным генотипирования 11 микросателлитных локусов - Hmo11, Hmo13, Hmo15, Hmo25, Hmo26, Hmo31, Hmo33, Hmo34, Hmo36, Hmo37, Hmo40. Рассчитаны следующие показатели: среднее число аллелей на локус, эффективное число аллелей, уровни ожидаемой и наблюдаемой гетерозиготности, значение информационного индекса Шеннона, индексы фиксации FIS и FST Полученные результаты свидетельствуют об умеренном (для пестрого толстолобика) и достаточно высоком (для белого толстолобика) генетическом разнообразии изученных выборок, что дает возможность выделить несколько групп для получения линейного материала и дальнейшего воспроизводства, в том числе товарной рыбы. Вместе с тем следует уделить особое внимание подбору пар производителей с учетом результатов молекулярно-генетического анализа. На основании молекулярно-генетического анализа пяти микроса-теллитных локусов предложена схема по дифференциации гибридных особей между пестрым и белым толстолобиками, что может быть использовано в качестве малоинвазивного экспресс-теста в селекционных и воспроизводительных программах для данных видов растительноядных рыб.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity of silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) and bighead (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Rich.) carps grown in aquaculture in the territory of the Republic of Belarus. Genotyping was obtained for 11 STR-loci - Hmo11, Hmo13, Hmo15, Hmo25, Hmo26, Hmo31, Hmo33, Hmo 34, Hmo36, Hmo37, and Hmo40. The following parameters were calculated: the average number of alleles per locus, the effective number of alleles, the levels of expected and observed heterozygosity, the value of the Shannon information index and the fixation indexes FIS and FST. The obtained results indicate a moderate (for silver carp) and sufficiently high (for bighead carp) genetic diversity of the studied samples of carps up to the possibility to allocate several groups for subsequent work on obtaining linear material and further reproduction, including commercial fish. However, to achieve these goals, it is necessary to pay special attention to the selection of pairs of producers taking into account the results of molecular genetic analysis. The scheme for the differentiation of hybrid individuals between silver and bighead carps and the use of molecular genetic analysis of STR-loci would be proposed. This approach can be used as a minimally invasive rapid test in breeding and reproductive programs for the studied fish species.</p><p>Communicated by Academician A. V. Kilchevsky</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>белый толстолобик</kwd><kwd>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.</kwd><kwd>пестрый толстолобик</kwd><kwd>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Rich.</kwd><kwd>микросателлитные локусы</kwd><kwd>генетическое разнообразие</kwd><kwd>аллель</kwd><kwd>гетерозиготность</kwd><kwd>индекс Шеннона</kwd><kwd>индексы фиксации FIS и FST</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>silver carp</kwd><kwd>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.</kwd><kwd>bighead carp</kwd><kwd>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Rich.</kwd><kwd>short tandem repeat (STR)</kwd><kwd>genetic diversity</kwd><kwd>allele</kwd><kwd>heterozygosity</kwd><kwd>Shannon index</kwd><kwd>FIS fixation index</kwd><kwd>FST fixation index</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Мероприятие 21 «Разработать и внедрить технологию генетической идентификации растительноядных и лососевых видов рыб» подпрограмма 1 «Инновационные биотехнологии-2020» ГП «Наукоемкие технологии и техника» на 2016-2020 гг.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Plan 21 “Developing and introducing the technology of genetic identification of vegetable and salmon fish” of subprogram 1 “Innovation Biotechnologies-2020” of the State Program “Science-Consuming Technologies and Technique” for the period 2016-2020</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Contributing to food security and nutrition for all: The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. - Rome, 2016. - 190 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Contributing to food security and nutrition for all: The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. 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