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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2019-63-4-466-475</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-634</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетическая дивергенция между дикорастущими популяциями рапса и культурными сортами Brassica napus L.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic divergence between feral populations of rape and varieties Brassica napus L.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лемеш</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lemesh</surname><given-names>Valiantsina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лемеш Валентина Александровна – канд. биол. наук, доцент, заведующая лабораторией</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lemesh Valiantsina Aleksandrovna – Ph. D. (Biology), Associate professor, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.lemesh@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bahdanava</surname><given-names>Maryna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богданова Марина Владимировна – канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bahdanava Maryna Vladimirovna – Ph. D. (Biology), Leading researcher</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.bogdanova@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозгова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozgova</surname><given-names>Galina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мозгова Галина Валерьевна – канд. биол. наук, руководитель центра</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mozgova Galina Valerievna – Ph. D. (Biology), Head of the Centre</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.mozgova@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буракова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burakova</surname><given-names>Aryna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буракова Арина Александровна – мл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Burakova Aryna Aleksandrovna – Junior researcher</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.burakova@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хоружий</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharuzhy</surname><given-names>Mikalai E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хоружий Николай Евгеньевич – мл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kharuzhy Mikalai Evgenievich – Junior researcher</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nickolai_horuzhiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт генетики и цитологии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>466</fpage><lpage>475</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лемеш В.А., Богданова М.В., Мозгова Г.В., Буракова А.А., Хоружий Н.Е., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лемеш В.А., Богданова М.В., Мозгова Г.В., Буракова А.А., Хоружий Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lemesh V.A., Bahdanava M.V., Mozgova G.V., Burakova A.A., Kharuzhy M.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/634">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/634</self-uri><abstract><p>Дана оценка генетического разнообразия сортов и дикорастущих популяций масличного рапса (Brassica napus L.), произрастающих на территории Республики Беларусь, по данным генотипирования 7 микросателлитных локусов – Na12D08, Ol12D04-1, Ol12D04-2, Ra2A05, Na10H03, Na14H11, Ol11B05. Рассчитаны среднее число аллелей на локус, эффективное число аллелей, уровни ожидаемой и наблюдаемой гетерозиготности, процент полиморфных локусов. Результаты свидетельствуют о большем генетическом разнообразии в дикорастущих популяциях рапса. По данным кластерного анализа, одна из девяти дикорастущих популяций кластеризовалась с культурными сортами и продемонстрировала генетическое сходство с сортом Атора, что свидетельствует о ее недавнем формировании и сохранении генетических характеристик, присущих культурным сортам. В противоположность этому сорт Мерседес кластеризовался вместе с образцами дикорастущих популяций, что может свидетельствовать о его гибридном происхождении и наличии в дикорастущих популяциях генотипов, которые являлись прародителями данного сорта. Анализ структуры распределения генотипов в программе Structure показал, что наиболее вероятно разделение исследуемой группы на три кластера – культурные сорта, дикорастущие популяции B. napus и образцы B. rapa. Установленная нами генетическая дивергенция между дикорастущими популяциями и сортами указывает на то, что дикорастущий масличный рапс способен формировать и поддерживать стабильные популяции в условиях Беларуси. На практике это следует учитывать при оценке экологического риска при высвобождении трансгенного рапса в окружающую среду. А при возделывании трансгенного рапса особое внимание необходимо уделять мерам по предотвращению возникновения его свободнорастущих популяций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study assessed the genetic diversity of commercial varieties and feral populations of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown in the Republic of Belarus according to the genotyping data of 7 microsatellite loci – Na12D08, Ol12D04-1, Ol12D04-2, Ra2A05, Na10H03, Na14H11, Ol11B05. The following parameters were calculated: the average number of alleles per locus, the eﬀective number of alleles, the levels of expected and observed heterozygosity, % of polymorphic loci. The results indicate a greater genetic diversity in feral oilseed rape populations. According to the cluster analysis, one feral population fell into a cluster of commercial varieties and demonstrated similarities with the variety Atora, which indicates its recent wildness and the preservation of the genetic characteristics inherent in cultivated varieties. The variety Mercedes was clustered together with samples of feral populations, which may indicate its hybrid origin. An analysis of the structure of the genotype distribution in the Structure software showed the division into three clusters – commercial varieties, feral populations and samples of B. rapa. The established genetic divergence between feral populations and commercial varieties indicates that feral oilseed rape is able to maintain persistent populations inBelarus. In practice, this should be taken into account while assessing the environmental risk when transgenic rape is released into the environment. When cultivating transgenic rapeseed, special attention should be paid to measures to prevent the occurrence of its free-growing populations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>масличный рапс</kwd><kwd>дикорастущие популяции</kwd><kwd>микросателлитные локусы</kwd><kwd>генетическое разнообразие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oilseed rape</kwd><kwd>feral populations</kwd><kwd>microsatellite loci</kwd><kwd>genetic diversity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De novo genetic variation associated with retrotransposon activation, genomic rearrangements and trait variation in a recombinant inbred line population of Brassica napus derived from interspecifc hybridization with Brassica rapa: Genomic alterations in introgressed Brassica napus / J. 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