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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2019-63-6-704-715</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-825</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О возможности оценочного прогнозирования экстракции органических веществ сложной структуры с использованием метода групповых инкрементов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the possibility of evaluative prediction of the extraction of organic substances of complex structure using the method of group increments</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заяц</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zayats</surname><given-names>M. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заяц Михаил Фёдорович – канд. хим. наук, заведующий кафедрой. </p><p>ул. Ленинградская, 14, 220030, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zayats Mikhail Fedorovich – Ph. D. (Chemistry), Head of the Department.</p><p>14, Leningradskaya Str., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhail_zayats@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лещёв</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leschev</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лещёв Сергей Михайлович – д-р хим. наук, профессор.</p><p>ул. Ленинградская, 14, 220030, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leschev Sergey Mikhailovich – D. Sc. (Chemistry), Professor.</p><p>14, Leningradskaya Str., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leschev.sergey54@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайдель</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaidzel</surname><given-names>A. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайдель Александр Владимирович – ст. преподаватель.</p><p>ул. Ленинградская, 14, 220030, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zaidzel Aliaxandr Uladzimiravich – Senior Lecturer. </p><p>14, Leningradskaya Str., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>704</fpage><lpage>715</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Заяц М.Ф., Лещёв С.М., Зайдель А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Заяц М.Ф., Лещёв С.М., Зайдель А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zayats M.F., Leschev S.M., Zaidzel A.U.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/825">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/825</self-uri><abstract><p>При температуре 20 ± 1 °С в экстракционных системах гексан–вода, гексан–ацетонитрил, гексан– смеси ацетонитрила и воды, наиболее часто применяющихся в аналитической химии пестицидов, систематически изучено распределение пестицидов различных классов: амидов, анилинопиримидинов, производных бензола, бензоилфенилмочевин, бензолсульфонатов, гидразидов, динитроанилинов, карбаматов, пиретроидов, пиримидинов, тетразинов, триазолов, фенилмочевин, фосфорорганических соединений, эфиров карбоновых кислот. Рассчитаны константы распределения пестицидов (P) и инкременты логарифмов констант распределения их функциональных групп между углеводородной и полярной фазой. Предложены и апробированы два основных метода оценочного прогнозирования lg P пестицидов – заместительный, основанный на расчете lg P путем замены заместителей в базовой молекуле и метод абсолютного сложения инкрементов. Проиллюстрированы возможности обоих методов, обсуждены причины отклонений экспериментальных значений от расчетных. Оценено влияние природы и состава полярной фазы на величины наблюдаемых отклонений. В частности, они резко уменьшаются с ростом содержания ацетонитрила в полярной фазе. Введены усредненные величины поправки к расчетным величинам lg P, позволяющие в большинстве случаев прогнозировать lg P пестицидов с отклонением не более 0,5–1,0 от расчетного.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The distribution of pesticides of different classes (amides, anilinopyrimidines, benzene derivatives, benzoylphenylureas, benzenesulfonates, hydrazides, dinitroanilines, carbamates, pyretroids, pyrimidines, tetrazines, triazoles, pheny lureas, organophosphorus compounds, esters of carboxylic acids) was studied at 20 ± 1 °C in the extraction systems of hexane–water, hexane–acetonitrile, hexane– acetonitrile and water mixture that are most often used in analytical chemistry of pesticides. The distribution constants P of pesticides and the increments of logarithms of the distribution constants If of their functional groups between the hydrocarbon and polar phases are calculated. Two main methods for evaluative prediction of lg P of pesticides are proposed and approved – substitutive method based on the calculation of lg P by replacing the substituents in the base molecule and the method of absolute addition of increments. The possibilities of the both methods are illustrated. The reasons for the deviations of the experimental values from the calculated ones are discussed. The influence of the nature and composition of the polar phase on the magnitudes of the observed deviations is estimated. In particular, they decrease dramatically with an increase in the acetonitrile content in the polar phase. Averaged values of correction to the calculated values of lg P are introduced. In most cases, they allow predicting lg P of pesticides with a deviation of not more than 0.5–1.0 from the calculated one.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экстракция пестицидов</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование констант распределения</kwd><kwd>инкремент функциональной группы</kwd><kwd>принцип аддитивности энергии Гиббса распределения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extraction of pesticides</kwd><kwd>prediction of distribution constants</kwd><kwd>increment of the functional group</kwd><kwd>the principle of additivity of Gibbs energy of distribution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рахманько, Е. М. Применение экстракции для определения витаминов группы В в пищевых продуктах / Е. М. Рахманько, Е. И. Полянских, О. В. Шуляковская // Вестн. Белорус. гос. ун-та. Сер. 2. Химия. Биология. 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