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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-52-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-945</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярно-генетическая характеристика образцов озимой мягкой пшеницы в связи с селекцией на устойчивость к полеганию</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular genetic characteristic of soft winter wheat samples in connection with breeding for lodging resistance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычёва</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sycheva</surname><given-names>Е. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сычёва Елена Анатольевна – канд. биол. наук, доцент, заместитель директора</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sycheva Elena A. – Ph. D. (Biology), Associate рrofessor, Deputy Director</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">E.Sycheva@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондаревич</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarevich</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бондаревич Елена Борисовна – науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bondarevich Elena B. – Researcher</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловей</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovey</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловей Лилия Алексеевна – науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Solovey Lilia A. – Researcher</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шимко</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shimko</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шимко Виктория Евгеньевна – науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shimko Victoria E. – Researcher</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордей</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hardzei</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гордей Станислав Иванович – канд. биол. наук, заведующий отделом</p><p>ул. Тимирязева, 1, 222160, Жодино</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hardzei Stanislau I. – Ph. D. (Biology), Head of the Department</p><p>1, Timiryazev Str., 222160, Zhodino</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сацюк</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Satsyuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сацюк Игорь Васильевич – канд. с.-х. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Тимирязева, 1, 222160, Жодино</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Satsyuk Igar V. – Ph. D. (Agrarian), Leading researcher</p><p>1, Timiryazev Str., 222160, Zhodino</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубовец</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubovets</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дубовец Надежда Ивановна – член-корреспондент, д-р биол. наук, доцент, заместитель заведующего лабораторией</p><p>ул. Академическая, 27, 220072, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dubovets Nadezhda I. – Corresponding Member, D. Sc. (Biology), Associate рrofessor, Deputy Head of the Laboratory</p><p>27, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт генетики и цитологии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-практический центр Национальной академии наук Беларуси по земледелию</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Arable Farming</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сычёва Е.А., Бондаревич Е.Б., Соловей Л.А., Шимко В.Е., Гордей С.И., Сацюк И.В., Дубовец Н.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сычёва Е.А., Бондаревич Е.Б., Соловей Л.А., Шимко В.Е., Гордей С.И., Сацюк И.В., Дубовец Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sycheva Е.A., Bondarevich E.B., Solovey L.A., Shimko V.E., Hardzei S.I., Satsyuk I.V., Dubovets N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/945">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/945</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – анализ геномной структуры и аллельного состава генов короткостебельности Rht-B1, Rht-D1 и Rht8 у 37 сортов и селекционных образцов озимой мягкой пшеницы в связи с селекцией на устойчивость к полеганию в Республике Беларусь. Методы. Молекулярно-цитогенетическое маркирование (С-бэндинг) и ДНК-типирование генотипов. Результаты. В ходе анализа хромосомного состава селекционного материала установлено, что 21 образец озимой пшеницы характеризуется стандартным кариотипом с геномной структурой AABBDD (2n = 42). В кариотипах остальных образцов выявлено пять вариантов транслокаций, затрагивающих хромосомы 1В, 3В, 5В, 6В и 7В. Установлено, что хромосомы 2-й и 4-й гомеологичных групп, в которых локализованы основные гены короткостебельности Rht-B1, Rht-D1 и Rht8, не подверглись структурным изменениям. В результате генотипирования показано, что 45,9 % образцов содержат в генотипе один из аллелей короткостебельности (Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, Rht8с). Сочетание в генотипе двух коммерчески значимых аллелей короткостебельности Rht-B1b и Rht8с выявлено у одного образца озимой пшеницы. С наибольшей частотой (37,8 %) в проанализированном селекционном материале встречался генотип с комбинацией аллелей Rht-B1а, Rht-D1а и Rht8b. С частотой 16,2 % присутствовали генотипы Rht-B1b, Rht-D1а, Rht8b; Rht-B1а, Rht-D1а, Rht8а. Генотипы Rht-B1а, Rht-D1а, Rht8с; Rht-B1а, Rht-D1b, Rht8b; Rht-B1а, Rht-D1b, Rht8j выявлены у 5,4 % образцов, генотип Rht-B1а, Rht-D1b, Rht8а – у 8,1 % образцов. Заключение. Анализ высоты растения с учетом данных кариотипирования и генотипирования показал важность целенаправленного подбора наиболее эффективных для региона возделывания сочетаний аллелей генов короткостебельности. Проведенные исследования позволили предположить, что отбор по уровню перезимовки может способствовать закреплению в селекционном материале аллеля Rht8b, ассоциированного, по-видимому, с лучшей зимостойкостью в условиях Беларуси.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The objective of the study was to analyze the genomic structure and allelic composition of the dwarfing Rht-B1, Rht-D1 and Rht8 genes in 37 varieties and breeding samples of soft winter wheat in connection with breeding for lodging resistance in the Republic of Belarus. The molecular cytogenetic marking (C-banding) and DNA typing of genotypes were used. As a result, the analysis of the chromosomal composition of the breeding material showed that 21 winter wheat samples are characterized by the standard karyotype with the genomic structure AABBDD (2n = 42). Five variants of translocations affecting the chromosomes 1B, 3B, 5B, 6B, and 7B were revealed in the karyotypes of the remaining samples. It was found that the chromosomes of the 2nd and 4th homologous groups, in which the main dwarfing genes (Rht-B1, Rht-D1, and Rht8) are localized, did not undergo structural changes. Genotyping showed that 45.9 % of the samples contain one of the dwarfing alleles (Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, Rht8c) in their genotype. A combination of two commercially significant alleles (Rht-B1b and Rht8c) in the genotype were identified in one of the winter wheat samples. The genotype with a combination of the Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a and Rht8b alleles occurred with the highest frequency (37.8 %) in the analysed breeding material. The Rht-B1b, Rht-D1a, Rht8b; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht8a genotypes showed the frequency of 16.2 %. The Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht8c; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8b; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8j genotypes were identified in 5.4 % of the samples; the Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8а genotypes – in 8.1 % of the samples. The analysis of the plant height, taking into account the karyotyping and genotyping data showed that the targeted selection of the most efficient allelic combinations of dwarfing genes is important for the cultivation region. The studies carried out allow us to suggest that the selection by the overwintering level can contribute to the fixation of the Rht8b allele in the breeding material, which is apparently associated with better winter hardiness in the conditions of Belarus.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>озимая мягкая пшеница Triticum aestivum L.</kwd><kwd>кариотип</kwd><kwd>транслокации</kwd><kwd>гены короткостебельности</kwd><kwd>С-бэндинг</kwd><kwd>ДНК-маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soft winter wheat Triticum aestivum L.</kwd><kwd>karyotype</kwd><kwd>translocations</kwd><kwd>dwarfing genes</kwd><kwd>C-banding</kwd><kwd>DNA markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Avoiding lodging in irrigated spring wheat. I. Stem and root structural requirements / F. J. 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