<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады Национальной академии наук Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8323</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2431</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-111-118</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">dan-952</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Формирование силицида никеля быстрой термообработкой в режиме теплового баланса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nickel silicide formation with rapid thermal treatment in the heat balance mode</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пилипенко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pilipenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пилипенко Владимир Александрович – член-корреспондент, д-р техн. наук, заместитель директора</p><p>ул. Казинца, 121А, 220108, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pilipenko Vladimir A. – Corresponding Member, D. Sc. (Engineering), Deputy Director. State Center “Belmicroanalysis"</p><p>121A, Kazinets Str., 220108, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">office@bms.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьёв</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovjov</surname><given-names>Ja. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьёв Ярослав Александрович – канд. техн. наук, заместитель директора. Филиал «Транзистор»</p><p>ул. Корженевского, 16, 220108, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Solovjov Jaroslav A. – Ph. D. (Engineering), Deputy Director. “Transistor” Branch</p><p>16, Korzhenevsky Str., 220108, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jsolovjov@integral.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайдук</surname><given-names>П. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaiduk</surname><given-names>P. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайдук Пётр Иванович – д-р физ.-мат. наук, профессор</p><p>ул. Курчатова, 5, 220108, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gaiduk Peter I. – D. Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Professor</p><p>5, Kurchatov Str., 220108, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gaiduk@bsu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Управляющая компания холдинга «ИНТЕГРАЛ»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“INTEGRAL” holding managing company</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>111</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пилипенко В.А., Соловьёв Я.А., Гайдук П.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пилипенко В.А., Соловьёв Я.А., Гайдук П.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pilipenko V.A., Solovjov J.A., Gaiduk P.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/952">https://doklady.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/952</self-uri><abstract><p>Методами резерфордовского обратного рассеяния, рентгеновского фазового анализа, просвечивающей электронной микроскопии и электрофизическими измерениями исследовано формирование слоев силицида никеля на пластинах (111)-Si при быстрой термической обработке в режиме теплового баланса. Слои никеля толщиной ~70 нм наносили магнетронным распылением при комнатной температуре. Быструю термообработку проводили в режиме теплового баланса путем облучения обратной стороны подложек некогерентным световым потоком кварцевых галогенных ламп в среде азота в течение 7 с до температуры от 200 до 550 °С. Установлено, что перераспределение атомов никеля и кремния до состава моносилицида NiSi начинается уже при температуре 300 °С и к температуре 400 °С практически завершается. В этом же диапазоне температур происходит формирование орторомбической фазы NiSi со средним размером зерен около 0,05–0,1 мкм. При температуре быстрой термообработки 300 °C происходит формирование двух силицидных фаз (Ni2 Si и NiSi), при этом на поверхности сохраняется тонкий слой непрореагировавшего Ni. Данный факт может объясняться высокой скоростью разогрева на начальной стадии отжига, при которой температурные условия формирования фазы NiSi наступают раньше, чем весь слой Ni успевает превратиться в фазу Ni2 Si. Слои с одновременным присутствием трех фаз характеризуются высокой шероховатостью границы раздела силицид–кремний. Зависимость удельного сопротивления слоев силицидов никеля демонстрирует рост до значений 26–30 мкОм · см в области температур быстрой термообработки 200–250 °С и последующее снижение до значений 15 мкОм · см при температуре быстрой термообработки 400 °С. Данная величина удельного сопротивления характерна для фазы NiSi с высокой проводимостью и хорошо коррелирует с результатами структурных исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The formation of nickel silicide layers on (111)-Si substrates during rapid thermal annealing in the heat balance mode was studied by the Rutherford backscattering method, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and electrophysical measurements. Nickel films of about 70 nm thickness were deposited by magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The rapid thermal treatment was carried out in a heat balance mode by irradiating the substrates backside with a non-coherent light flux of quartz halogen lamps in the nitrogen medium for 7 seconds up to the temperature range of 200 to 550 °C. The redistribution of nickel and silicon atoms to monosilicide NiSi composition starts already at a temperature of 300 °С and almost ends at a temperature of 400 °С. In the same temperature range, the orthorhombic NiSi phase with an average grain size of about 0.05–0.1 μm is formed. At a rapid thermal treatment temperature of 300 °C, two phases of silicides (Ni2 Si and NiSi) are formed, while a thin layer of unreacted Ni is retained on the surface. This fact can be explained by the high heating rate at the initial annealing stage, at which the temperature conditions of the NiSi phase formation occur earlier than the entire Ni layer manages to turn into the Ni2 Si phase. The layers with a simultaneous presence of three phases are characterized by a high roughness of the silicide-silicon interface. The dependence of the specific resistivity of nickel silicide layers shows an increase to the values of 26–30 μOhm · cm in the range of rapid thermal treatment temperatures of 200–250 °C and a subsequent decrease to the values of about 15 μOhm · cm at a rapid thermal treatment temperature of 400 °C. This value of specific resistivity is characteristic of the high conductivity of the NiSi phase and correlates well with the results of structure studies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>быстрая термическая обработка</kwd><kwd>силицид никеля</kwd><kwd>структурно-фазовые превращения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rapid thermal treatment</kwd><kwd>nickel silicide</kwd><kwd>structural and phase transformation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мьюрарка, Ш. П. Силициды для СБИС / Ш. П. Мьюрарка. – М.: Мир, 1986. – 176 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murarka Sh. P. Silicides for ULSI application. Elsevier Science, 1983. 200 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen, L. J. Silicide Technology for Integrated Circuits / L. J. Chen. – London, 2004. – 279 p. https://doi.org/10.1049/pbep005e</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen L. J. Silicide Technology for Integrated Circuits. London, 2004. 279 p. https://doi.org/10.1049/pbep005e</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Electrical properties and solid-phase reactions in Ni/Si(100) contacts / Y. Tsuchiya [et al.] // Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. – 2002. – Vol. 41, N 4B. – P. 2450–2454. https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.41.2450</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsuchiya Y., Tobioka A., Nakatsuka O., Ikeda H., Sakai A., Zaima Sh., Yasuda Y. Electrical properties and solid-phase reactions in Ni/Si(100) contacts. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2002, vol. 41, no. 4B, pp. 2450–2454. https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.41.2450</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Impact of Ni-silicide grain orientation on the strain and stress fields induced in patterned silicon / C. Torregiani [et al.] // Applied Physics Letters. – 2007. – Vol. 90, N 5. – Art. 054101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2437064</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torregiani C., Maex K., Benedetti A., Bender H., Van Houtte P., Pawlak B. J., Kittl J. A. Impact of Ni-silicide grain orientation on the strain and stress fields induced in patterned silicon. Applied Physics Letters, 2007, vol. 90, no. 5, art. 054101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2437064</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ultrathin Ni silicides with low contact resistance on srained and ultrastrained silicon / L. Knoll [et al.] // IEEE Electron device letters. – 2010. – Vol. 31, N 4. – P. 350–352. https://doi.org/10.1109/led.2010.2041028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knoll L., Zhao Q. T., Habicht S., Urban C., Ghyselen B., Mantl S. Ultrathin Ni silicides with low contact resistance on srained and ultrastrained silicon. IEEE Electron device letters, 2010, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 350–352. https://doi.org/10.1109/led.2010.2041028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Contact resistance reduction of Pt-incorporated NiSi for continuous CMOS scaling: Atomic level analysis of Pt/B/As distribution within silicide films / T. Sonehara [et al.] // IEEE International Electron Device Meeting. – San Francisco, 2008. – P. 921–924. https://doi.org/10.1109/iedm.2008.4796851</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sonehara T., Hokazono A., Akutsu H., Sasaki T., Uchida H., Tomita M., Tsujii H., Kawanaka S., Inaba S., Toyoshima Y. Contact resistance reduction of Pt-incorporated NiSi for continuous CMOS scaling: Atomic level analysis of Pt/B/As distribution within silicide films. IEEE International Electron Device Meeting. San Francisco, 2008, pp. 921–924. https://doi.org/10.1109/iedm.2008.4796851</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Enhancement of thermal stability of NiSi films on (100)Si and (111)Si by Pt addition / D. Mangelinck [et al.] // Applied Physics Letters. – 1999. – Vol. 75, N 12. – P. 1736–1738. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.124803</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mangelinck D., Dai J. Y., Pan J. S., Lahiri S. K. Enhancement of thermal stability of NiSi films on (100)Si and (111)Si by Pt addition. Applied Physics Letters, 1999, vol. 75, no. 12, pp. 1736–1738. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.124803</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Электронная микроскопия тонких кристаллов / П. Б. Хирш [и др.]. – М.: Мир, 1968. – 574 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hirsch P. B., Howie A., Nicholson R. B., Pashley D. W., Whelan M. J. Electron microscopy of thin crystals. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1968. 574 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Томас, Г. Просвечивающая электронная микроскопия материалов / Г. Томас, М. Дж. Гориндж. – М.: Наука, 1983. – 320 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomas G., Goringe M. J. Transmission electron microscopy of materials. John Wiley &amp; Sons Inc., 1987. 388 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Majni, G. Growth kinetics of NiSi on (100) and (111) silicon / G. Majni, F. D. Valle, C. Nobili // Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. – 1984. – Vol. 17, N 5. – P. L77–L81. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/17/5/002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Majni G., Valle F. D., Nobili C. Growth kinetics of NiSi on (100) and (111) silicon. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 1984, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. L77–L81. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/17/5/002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calorimetric analysis of thin-film reactions: Experiments and modeling in the nickel/silicon system / P. Knauth [et al.] // Journal of Applied Physics. – 1994. – Vol. 76, N 9. – P. 5195–5201. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.357238</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knauth P., Charaї A., Bergman C., Gas P. Calorimetric analysis of thin-film reactions: Experiments and modeling in the nickel/silicon system. Journal of Applied Physics, 1994, vol. 76, no. 9, pp. 5195–5201. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.357238</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Natan, M. Anomalous first-phase formation in rapidly thermal annealed, thin-layered Si/Ni/Si films / M. Natan // Applied Physics Letters. – 1986. – Vol. 49, N 5. – P. 257–259. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.97188</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Natan M. Anomalous first-phase formation in rapidly thermal annealed, thin-layered Si/Ni/Si films. Applied Physics Letters, 1986, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 257–259. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.97188</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borisenko, V. E. Rapid thermal processing of semiconductor / V. E. Borisenko, P. J. Hesketh. – New York, 1997. – 358 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1804-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borisenko V. E., Hesketh P. J. Rapid thermal processing of semiconductor. New York, 1997. 358 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1804-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соловьёв, Я. А. Влияние температуры быстрой термической обработки на электрофизические свойства пленок никеля на кремнии / Я. А. Соловьёв, В. А. Пилипенко // Докл. БГУИР. – 2020. – Т. 18, № 1. – С. 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2020-18-1-81-88</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solovjov Ja. А., Pilipenko V. A. Effect of rapid thermal treatment temperature on electrophysical properties of nickel films on silicon. Doklady BGUIR, 2020, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 81–88 (in Russian). http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2020-18-1-81-88</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
