SATURATION TRANSFER DIFFERENCE NMR SPECTROSCOPY IN STUDIES OF THE INTERACTION OF CYTOCHROME Р450cam WITH 4-PHENYLIMIDAZOLE: DETECTION OF A NOVEL INTERMEDIATE STATE OF THE COMPLEX

The present work is devoted to the investigation of the interaction of cytochrome P450cam with 4-phenylimidazole (4-PI) using spectrophotometry and NMR spectroscopy. The data obtained by the STD-NMR method indicate the existence of an intermediate short-lived state of 4-phenylimidazole in the active site of P450cam where 4-phenylimidazole is bound to the inner region of the active site and/or to the substrate access channel without the formation of a coordination bond between the ligand azole group atoms and the heme iron atom. In this article, we first used the STD-NMR method to study the interaction of cytochrome P450 with ligand. The equilibrium dissociation constant of the P450cam-4-PI complex, which was calculated using the dependence of the amplification factor at zero saturation time (10.4 mM), differs from the constant that was calculated at constant saturation time (34.6 mM). This fact indicates the dependence of the Kd determination using STD-NMR at saturation time and concentrations of interacting substances. Comparison of the dissociation energy for the intermediate complex (11.2 kJ) relative to the direct coordination complex (28.5 kJ) suggests that the main contribution to the protein-ligand interaction is related to the hydrophobic interaction of 4-PI with the inner surface of the cavity of the active site of P450cam. The observed intermediate state makes it possible to explain the formation of hydroxylated forms of azole inhibitors during the interaction with cytochromes P450, when an inhibitor is in an intermediate form as a substrate and is not bound by a coordination bond with a heme iron atom. 

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