The focus of this study is a linear control system with a periodic matrix of coefficients and program control. The matrix under control is constant, the number of columns does not exceed the number of rows and its rank is less than the number of columns. It is assumed that the control is nontrivial periodic, and the module of its frequencies, i. e., the smallest additive group of real numbers, including all Fourier exponents of this control, is contained in the frequency module of the coefficient matrix. For the system under consideration, the problem of control of the asynchronous spectrum is posed: to construct such a control from an admissible set so that the system has strongly irregular periodic solutions. In this case, the period of the solution is incommensurate with the period of the system. Previously, the solution of the formulated problem was carried out for various cases of degeneracy of the average value of the coefficient matrix. In this work, a new approach is implemented that directly concerns the coefficient matrix itself. Under the assumption that its upper left block is stationary and the oscillating part of the upper right block has the maximum column rank, both necessary and also sufficient conditions for the solvability of the asynchronous spectrum control problem are obtained for the class of systems under consideration. 

A new neural network algorithm for tracking objects observed in frames of video has been developed. The algorithm enables automatic detection of objects of one of the predefined types, reliable subsequent tracking, rapid redetection of the object if tracking was interrupted, and detection of a different object of the desired type if the tracked object disappears. Detection of the object of interest in video frames is performed using a neural network detector, and tracking is carried out by the developed algorithm using a neural network transformer.

Several modifications of the Maxwell–Bloch equations are presented for analyzing the emission characteristics of pulsed lasers. The analysis is performed under the condition of coherent interaction between light and a gain medium with resonant phase nonlinearity. For the first time, the interrelated factors of instability of the phase relationship of the light field and the response of the medium, caused by the dipole-dipole interaction and the contribution of quasi-resonant polarization, are taken into account. To describe the superradiance (SR) regime, semi-analytical expressions for the response variables in the Bloch vector formalism are refined. Various approximations of the original model are represented by systems of kinetic equations for the field and response variables of the medium, as well as a nonlinear oscillatory equation for the polar angle of the Bloch vector. Modeling of the coherent SR effect in a resonator showed that the temporal structure of SR is extremely sensitive to the resonant nonlinearity of the material response. It is shown that under nonlinear conditions, the typical nutational intensity structure of synchrotron radiation is transformed into a contrasting quasi-periodic modulation of the trailing edge of the main pulse in the subpicosecond range. A computational analysis of the synchrotron radiation process in a resonator is performed for the parameters of semiconductor quantum dot systems in nanoheterostructures. Such systems are considered promising for use in compact optical electronics and photonics devices.

In this study, we demonstrate that Anderson localization of the electromagnetic field in a chain of coupled waveguides can be implemented to realize a multiple-output beam-splitter. We demonstrate that despite the inherently noisy character of Anderson localization, our beam-splitting device is able to realize hybridization of classical and non-classical states with several non-classical states as the output. This effect is illustrated by means of the example of single-photon state hybridization with the coherent state.

Dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to examine the corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy in 0.05 mol/dm³ sodium chloride solution containing Na₂MoO₄ inhibitor, which was gradually added to the solution up to the concentration of 50 mmol/dm³. The parameters of multisinusoidal impedance monitoring obtained under these conditions corresponded to the instantaneous concentration of the inhibitor at a specific point in time. This made it possible to establish the dependence of the calculated values of the protective effect on the concentration of molybdate ions in the solution. Based on the assumption that complete coverage of the surface by the inhibitor provides 100 % reduction of the corrosion rate and the surface degree coverage corresponds to the protective effect of the inhibitor, the adsorption curves of molybdate ions on the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy were constructed utilizing Langmuir, Temkin, Flory–Huggins, and Frumkin adsorption models.

A regioselective synthesis of boric acid esters derived from 24-epibrassinolide and 24-epicastasterone has been developed. The esterification proceeds under mild conditions with high efficiency, yielding the corresponding 22,23-borates of steroidal phytohormones as the sole products. Their plant growth-stimulating activity was evaluated using spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a model system. The compounds were applied via seed soaking in solutions at concentrations of 10^–7 and 10^–9 M for 24 hours. Germination rates were assessed after 7 days, while seedling height, root length, and fresh weight of both seedlings and roots were measured 10 days after the start of the treatment. The synthesized conjugates were found to enhance seed germination and stimulate the growth of above-ground parts (by 10–15 % relative to the control), as well as increase biomass accumulation (by 13–23 %) and root weight (by 8–22 %). These novel brassinosteroid derivatives (borates) exhibited higher plant growth-stimulating activity than the native hormones themselves.

In this article we have analyzed the possibility of endogenous ligands (thyroxine, fatty acids, heme) displacing bilirubin from its binding site in the first domain of the human serum albumin based on in silico experiments. The obtained data showed that the known binding site in the first domain of human serum albumin is not specific for bilirubin. Indeed, the inhibition constant of the albumin and bilirubin complex was 417.38 µM, of the albumin and palmitic acid complex was 164.28 µM, of the albumin and heme complex was 10.13 µM, and of the albumin and thyroxine complex was 9.17 µM. The binding of fatty acids by human serum albumin should lead to changes in the tertiary structure of the protein and the appearance of more specific binding sites for 4Z,15Z-Bilirubin IXα. 

Solid solutions of bismuth ferrite, in which Bi and Fe ions are replaced by Sm and Ti ions, with the general chemical formula Bi_0.88^Sm_0.12^Fe_1–x^Ti_x^O₃ were obtained by solid-phase reactions. Crystal structure analysis, based on X-ray diffraction data and Raman spectroscopy results, indicates the coexistence of rhombohedral and orthorhombic phases in the studied compounds in the concentration range 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1. It is shown that at room temperature, the residual magnetization of the compounds increases with increasing Ti ion concentration, reaching a maximum value at x = 0.08. With a further increase in the titanium ion concentration, a slight decrease in the residual magnetization is observed. It was found that a decrease in temperature leads to a decrease in the magnitude of magnetization caused by the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, which is accompanied by a change in the lengths and angles of the Fe–O–Fe bonds and distortions of the FeO₆ octahedra.

The article examines the problems of updating evolutionary theory in the context of the need to develop a strategy for a secure future, reveals its heuristic potential, and highlights the multiplicity of meanings in defining the contours of a new civilization. The article notes that a new civilization is associated with an environment for the preservation and possible transmission of cultural and civilizational heritage. Changes in human life imply a change in the functions of culture, a rethinking of the deep meanings of human existence and its values. However, these changes will not be borrowed from outside sources, but rather must grow within the framework of the old civilization. Culture encodes the historical experience of humanity’s civilizational development. It is argued that, under the current conditions, it is necessary to either choose the path of harmonizing socio-economic development with the laws of the biosphere and affirming a co-evolutionary strategy of interaction between society and nature, or face the inevitable path of self-destruction. This involves rethinking the challenges of civilizational development, overcoming entrenched stereotypes in the way we understand “civilizational theory” and “civilizational development”, and identifying the growth points of a new civilization. In modern conditions, evolutionary theory is complemented by a strategy of co-evolution: it forms and establishes new guidelines for human activity, puts forward new ecological regulations for nature use and the organization of social life, and affirms the values of biospheric ecological ethics, which aim to maintain and protect safe life and increase its diversity.

As part of the research, an assessment of the genetic diversity of the Polesskaya horse population was carried out based on multiplex genotyping of DNA samples for 17 STR loci. The number of identified alleles (Na), observed (Ho), and expected (He) heterozygosity, the effective allele number (polymorphism level, Ae), and the Fis fixation index were analyzed. A relatively high genetic identity (0.91) was found between the subpopulations of Polesskaya horses of OJSC “Polesskaya Niva” in the Stolin District and the “Gorodoksky” Collective Farming Unitary Enterprise in the Luninets District, indicating their close genetic relationship and common origin. Based on the studied features of STR loci genetic polymorphism, rare and unique genotypes were identified, defining the value of the gene pool for stud breeding and biodiversity conservation. Overall, the results of the conducted studies show the preservation of genetic diversity with moderate manifestations of inbreeding, which is an important factor for the further development of programs to stabilize the reserves of plasticity of the Polesskaya horse population bred in the Republic of Belarus.